RGLUnityPlugin

Robotec GPU Lidar (RGL) is an open source high performance lidar simulator running on CUDA-enabled GPUs. It is a cross-platform solution compatible with both Windows and Linux operating systems. RGL utilizes RTX cores for acceleration, whenever they are accessible.

RGL is used in AWSIM for performance reasons. Thanks to it, it is possible to perform a large number of calculations using the GPU, which is extremely helpful due to the size of the scenes. AWSIM is integrated with RGL out-of-the-box - using RGLUnityPlugin asset.

Warning

If you want to use RGL in your scene, make sure the scene has an RGLSceneManager component added and all objects meet the usage requirements.

Concept

Describing the concept of using RGL in AWSIM, we distinguish:

• Mesh - a handle to the on-GPU data of the 3D model of objects that in AWSIM are provided in the form of Mesh Filter component. RGLUnityPlugin supports two types of meshes: static (rendered by Mesh Renderer) and animated (rendered by Skinned Mesh Renderer). Static meshes could be shared between Entities.

• Entity - represents a 3D object on the scene with its position and rotation. It consists of a lightweight reference to a Mesh and a transformation matrix of the object.

• Scene - a location where raytracing occurs. It is a set of entites uploaded by SceneManager script to the RGL Native Library.

• Node - performs specific operations such as setting rays for raytracing, transforming rays, performing raytracing, and manipulating output formats. In AWSIM, the main sequence of RGL nodes that simulates LiDAR is created in the LidarSensor script. Other scripts usually create nodes to get requested output or preprocess point cloud, and then connect those nodes to the LidarSensor.

• Graph - a collection of connected Nodes that can be run to calculate results. It allows users to customize functionality and output format by adding or removing Nodes.

Producing a point cloud is based on the use of a Scene containing Entities with Meshes, and placing an Ego Entity with LiDAR sensor that creates a Graph describing ray pattern and performing raytracing. In subsequent frames of the simulation, SceneManager synchronizes the scene between Unity and RGL, and LiDAR sensor updates rays pose on the scene and triggers Graph to perform raytracing and format desired output.

Package structure

RGLUnityPlugin asset contains:

• Plugins - dynamically loaded libraries for Windows and Linux (*.dll and *.so files).
• Resources - visualization shader and material.
• Scripts - scripts for using RGL in the Unity - details below.

Scripts

• SceneManager - responsible for syncing the scene between Unity and RGL.
• LidarSensor - provide lidar configuration and create RGL pipeline to simulate lidar.
• RadarSensor - provide radar configuration and create RGL pipeline to simulate radar.
• PointCloudVisualization - visualize point cloud on the Unity scene.
• IntensityTexture - adds slot for Intensity Texture ID to the GameObject
• SemanticCategory - adds category ID to the GameObject
• RGLDebugger - provides configuration for Native RGL debug tools (logging and tape).
• A set of classes providing tools to define LiDAR specification (mostly: ray poses):
  • LidarModels - enumeration with supported LiDARs models.
  • LidarConfiguration - top-level configuration class, horizontal ranges, distance range, laser array.
  • LidarConfigurationLibrary - provides a number of pre-defined LidarConfigurations.
  • LaserArray - definition of a (vertical) array of lasers.
  • LaserArrayLibrary - provides a number of pre-defined LaserArrays.
  • Laser - describes offsets of a single laser within a LaserArray.
  • LidarNoiseParams - describes a LiDAR noise that can be simulated
  • LidarOutputRestrictions - Describes LiDAR faults modeled as a set of rectangular masks obstructing part of the rays
• A set of classes providing tools to define radar specification:
  • RadarModels - enumeration with supported radar models.
  • RadarConfiguration - top-level configuration class, horizontal ranges, distance range, radar parameters.
  • LidarConfigurationLibrary - provides a number of pre-defined RadarConfigurations.
  • RadarNoiseParams - describes a radar noise that can be simulated
• LowLevelWrappers scripts - provides some convenience code to call Native RGL functions.
• Utilities scripts - miscellaneous utilities to make rest of the code clearer.

SceneManager

Each scene needs SceneManager component to synchronize models between Unity and RGL. On every frame, it detects changes in the Unity's scene and propagates the changes to native RGL code. When necessary, it obtains 3D models from GameObjects on the scene, and when they are no longer needed, it removes them.

Three different strategies to interact with in-simulation 3D models are implemented. SceneManager uses one of the following policies to construct the scene in RGL:

• Only Colliders - data is computed based on the colliders only, which are geometrical primitives or simplified Meshes. This is the fastest option, but will produce less accurate results, especially for the animated entities.
• Regular Meshes And Colliders Instead Of Skinned - data is computed based on the regular meshes for static Entities (with MeshRenderers component) and the colliders for animated Entities (with SkinnedMeshRenderer component). This improves accuracy for static Entities with a negligible additional performance cost.
• Regular Meshes And Skinned Meshes - uses regular meshes for both static and animated Entities. This incurs additional performance, but produces the most realistic results.

Mesh Source Strategy	Static Entity	Animated Entity (NPC)
Only Colliders	Collider	Collider
Regular Meshes And Colliders Instead Of Skinned	Regular Mesh	Collider
Regular Meshes And Skinned Meshes	Regular Mesh	Regular Mesh

Mesh source can be changed in the SceneManager script properties:

Performance

SceneManager performance depends on mesh source option selected.

Usage requirements

Objects, to be detectable by RGL, must fulfill the following requirements:

1. Contain one of the components: Collider, Mesh Renderer, or Skinned Mesh Renderer - it depends on SceneManager mesh source parameter.

2. Be readable from CPU-accessible memory - it can be achieved using the Read/Write Enabled checkbox in mesh settings.

   Readable objects

   Primitive Objects are readable by default.

   Example

   The activated Readable option in the mesh should look like this.